Vehicle Trouble Codes and Diagnostics

The U0021 OBD-II code indicates a Low-Speed CAN Communication Bus (+) Open error. This means there is a detected open circuit or disconnection in the positive line of the vehicle’s low-speed Controller Area Network (CAN) bus. The CAN bus is an essential network in modern vehicles, enabling communication between various electronic control units (ECUs).

The issue involves the positive line of the low-speed CAN bus being open or disconnected.

Affected components typically include modules that depend on the low-speed CAN bus for communication, such as the body control module (BCM), instrument cluster, and other non-essential systems.

Symptoms:

Warning Lights, Communication Failures, Inaccurate Data, Non-functional Features, Diagnostic Trouble Codes

Possible Causes of U0021 Code :

• Open or Broken Wires: A physical disconnection or break in the wiring related to the low-speed CAN bus.
• Faulty Connectors: Loose, corroded, or damaged connectors can interrupt communication.
• Malfunctioning ECUs: An ECU (like the BCM or instrument cluster) could be faulty, causing an issue with the communication network.
• Damaged CAN Bus Harness: Wear and tear on the wiring harness or external damage could cause an open circuit.
• Poor Ground Connection: A bad ground connection can cause communication errors.
• Software Malfunction: Incorrect or outdated software within the ECUs can lead to errors in bus communication.

How to Fix it?

Ensure to check for any damaged components and inspect the connector pins for signs of being broken, bent, pushed out, or corroded.

Common Diagnose and Repairs:

Diagnosis Steps:

• Visual Inspection: Inspect the wiring, connectors, and ECUs for visible damage or wear.
• CAN Bus Scanning: Use an OBD-II scanner to check for communication issues with the CAN bus.
• Multimeter Testing: Check for open circuits using a multimeter along the CAN bus wiring.
• ECU Software Reset: Sometimes resetting or reprogramming the affected ECUs can help resolve communication issues.

Repair:

• Repair or Replace Wires: Fix any broken or damaged wires in the CAN bus system.
• Reconnect or Replace Connectors: Address any faulty connectors by cleaning, reconnecting, or replacing them.
• Replace Faulty Modules: If an ECU is identified as the problem, replacing or reprogramming it may be necessary.
• Inspect Ground Connections: Ensure that the ground connections are secure and free of corrosion.